After a period of three months with no local transmission of mpox infection, there have been seven confirmed cases notified among Victorian residents between 14 July and 1 August. Five cases were locally acquired. 

Although mpox can infect anyone, in Australia, clade II mpox disproportionately impacts individuals who identify as gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). 

Symptoms of mpox include proctitis with or without visible lesions. Lesions can be localised or disseminated in genital and other bodily regions. Systemic symptoms such as fever, lethargy and lymphadenopathy can also occur. Symptoms can be mild among those who have been vaccinated. 

Please test individuals with compatible symptoms

• Think and test for mpox when testing for other conditions which may mimic mpox lesions such as HSV and VZV, especially in at-risk groups despite vaccination status.
• Information on testing can be found on the Department of Health website.
• Advise individuals who have been tested to refrain from any sexual activity and to cover lesions when in public places, until receipt of negative result. 
• Please notify the Department of Health on 1300 651 160 when testing for mpox. 

Vaccinate

• The mpox vaccine (JYNNEOS) is available free-of-charge for those eligible. Eligibility criteria can be found on the Department of Health website. Medicare cards are not needed to receive the vaccine.
• Two doses 28 days apart is required for optimal protection. Encourage patients to return for their second dose if overdue.

Resources

• For medical practitioners:
• Department of Health : Mpox – Notification, diagnosis, transmission, control measures and vaccination advice
• Australian Immunisation Handbook: Mpox (previously known as monkeypox)
• For patients:
• Better Health Channel: Mpox signs, symptoms and treatment
• Better Health Channel: Advice for people with mpox

Thank you for your assistance in reducing the risk of mpox transmission in our community. Please contact SEPHU at sephu.trace@monashhealth.org for further information.